List of publications on a keyword: «cognitive model»

Nightmares are scary or disturbing dreams which are associated with negative feelings, such as fear, terror or disgust. These feelings oftentimes awake the dreamer, who can easily recollect the content of the nightmare. Nightmares are not necessarily a symptom of a disease. Moreover, nightmares with little emotional response are experienced by almost all people once in a while without any risk for their health. However, nightmares that occur frequently and disturb the sleep might lead to clinically significant impairments in social, professional and other areas of life. They are considered a sleep disorder (parasomnia) and require a proper treatment. This review discusses the theoretical models of nightmares, their causes, diagnostics and treatment strategies.

The article deals with the analysis of advertising messages frame during the XX-XXI centuries. The analysis allows to highlight a typology of modifications that are found in loss or update the information about a particular quality of the goods. The dynamics of such phenomenon can be traced by the example of the frame of the XX-XXI centuries "beer".