List of publications on a keyword: «criminal»

The article discusses the state of the legal regulation of the preliminary investiga-tion carried out by the People's Commissariat of Internal Affairs of the Russian Federation (hereinafter: the NKVD), who was executive agency with extensive expertise. Highlights the issues and characteristics of the organization of the in-quiry as an important part of law enforcement, held in a difficult political and economic situation in the country (the civil war, intervention, an unprecedented rise in crime, etc. And with the transition to the world – in an atmosphere of NEP). Inherent in the period 1917‐1930 the mobility of the concept of «inquiry» and «preliminary investigation», a permanent change in the competence of the bodies of internal affairs in the field of their activities led to increased attention to issues of cooperation with other government agencies engaged in the fight against crime. Accumulated in their interaction experience is also of great value as a scientific theoretical and applied points of view, because It can be used creatively today.

International legal responsibility for crimes committed extends to the state apparatus that carried out illegal actions, including the personal responsibility of specific representatives of government structures that were directly involved in criminal acts. The official status of a person in the state hierarchy (head of State, head of Government, Minister of Defense, etc.) does not exempt him from criminal liability. International criminal liability applies to individuals regardless of their positions, membership in a particular State, or lack of citizenship. The legal basis for bringing individuals to justice under international criminal law is gross violations of generally accepted norms for the protection of victims of hostilities, violations of the laws and customs of warfare, and the commission of acts of genocide and crimes against humanity.