List of publications on a keyword: «Национальный корпус русского языка»

Цель статьи – представить новые подходы к построению терминологического словаря. Рассматривается идея создания наиболее полного справочника по синтезу русского глагола, в структуру которого интегрирована обучающая база. Через микро- и макроструктуру словаря пользователь получает необходимые инструменты для решения актуальных задач синтеза. Разработанные алгоритмы представляют собой этапы решения поставленной задачи: от микроструктуры словаря к приложениям и блокам глагольных форм в макроструктуре. При этом доказано, что активные обучающие инструменты (формулы синтеза и готовые алгоритмы поиска), встроенные в структуру словаря, помогают решать основные задачи словообразовательного синтеза: создание нового значения от исходного с помощью заданных параметров; определение семантического потенциала глаголов; поиск максимально точного состава существующих в языке и узусе глагольных модификаций. Важным результатом работы является интерактивная связь словаря с Матричной системой форм глаголов звучания (около 12000 единиц), разработанной автором, и базой Национального корпуса русского языка (около 2 млрд слов).

The purpose of the study is to present the terminology of word-formation synthesis as an organized system and identify the stages of development of its relevant terms. The scientific novelty of the study resides in the fact that a structured corpus of word-formation synthesis terms with elements of definitional analysis is introduced into scientific usage. As a result, it has been proven that the terminology of word-formation synthesis is a multilevel, hierarchically organized system, and the inventory of units within it changes at different stages of research. The system of modification synthesis terms is examined and tested with and through several proprietary novel web scraping algorithms that allow extracting the verbs of sound from digital databases of contemporary dictionaries and the National Corpus of the Russian language.

The study identifies features of potential modifications and lacuna-forming modifiers involved in word-formation synthesis in the process of generating new verbs. The scientific novelty of this study is in the differentiated representation of lexical-semantic and morphological means (verbal modifiers) that are capable, on the one hand, of synthesizing a desired meaning (verbal modification) and, on the other hand, of producing lexical gaps (lacunae). As a result of analyzing the specific modifiers and modifications with respect to the lexical-semantic group of verbs of sound, the new products of synthesis (potential modifications) have been identified. The conditions for the appearance of lacunae and the role of the lacunae-forming modifiers are demonstrated. Through a special project at the Missouri S&T (USA) using the data from the Russian National Corpus, for the first time in lexicographic practice, novel modifications, previously considered non-existent, are introduced.

The article examines the insufficiently explored phenomenon in word-formation synthesis – the intra-linguistic affixal lacunae i.e. lexical gaps. The nature of lacunar units is described as a unique type of semantic modifications that display a similar structure, semantics, and characteristics. From the standpoint of derivative codification, the major lacunae groups are identified, analyzed, and mapped out based on their lexicographic properties. The glossary selection criteria for the experimental Lacunae – Modifications Dictionary are determined. Relying on the data from the Russian National Corpus, nearly 5,000 lacunae and sound verb modifications, combined, were researched using a web-scraping algorithm from a special project at Missouri S&T. The results of this study may serve as a foundational platform for this novel dictionary of affixal lexical gaps in the Russian language.

The article examines the implicit components in the meaning of semantically modified derivatives. Using the methods of componential analysis of definitions from various Russian explanatory and aspectual dictionaries, the implicit components in the sound verbs’ meanings are inventoried. The impact of the relevant implicit components on the synthesis process is examined; the dichotomy of the implicit components of meaning and corresponding synthesizing prefixes is identified. The productivity and typical colloquial usage of synthesized derivatives is demonstrated using data from the Russian National Corpus.

The article examines capabilities of Russian zoophonic verbs (those describing sounds produced by animals) to create semantic modifications. Using the appending inventory of zoophonic verbal modifications from novel sources, previously unused in lexicographic practices, the open (infinite) nature of semantic modifications’ domain, its composition and the fluidity of its lacuna zones are shown. The structure of zoophonic verbal modifications is examined; verbal modifiers, non-typical for this lexical-semantic group of verbs, are inventoried. The obstacles to successful production of semantically modified derivatives during different stages of synthesis are classified by several criteria: denotative, semantic, and distributive. The research findings demonstrate the peculiarities of Russian zoophonic verbs’ behavior as well as map out their modification capabilities during the process of synthesis.

This article explores semantic and stylistic meaning changes of idioms with the word “silki” (snares) during XVIII–XXI centuries on the basis of Russian classics and modern literature texts and publicistic writing. It is proved that the word “silki” (snares) was used as a biblical expression in ecclesiastic and some fiction texts, this explanes its strong negative connotation, which is out of use in up-to-date contexts.