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The author of the article notes that interest to the problems of education philosophy is due to anthropological crisis, the need for interpretation in these terms the unique nature of the serights in the context of the goals of modern education. In the terms of education reformation in the Republic of Kazakhstan humanistic potential of philosophy of education is updated, aimed at forming a fully developed individual, free and responsible person. Philosophy of education is based on the effective recognition of the value, originality, integrity, personality, of his right to the free development and expression of their abilities. With its potential for deep and adequate understanding of the phenomenon of a man, philosophy of education sets the benchmark and the basis for the humanization of modern educational theory and practice.

Problem content of philosophy is grounded according to criteria of logical abstraction of signs of knowledge object; the group of ten main philosophical problems is offered; essential signs of problems of philosophy are characterized; problems of philosophy are estimated by information factor of person's life improvement.

In the beginning of the XX century European school-teaching practice needs radical changes, the traditional school of study has been heavily criticized, needed reforms. Philosophy of education of that time provided in this article by the creative work of prominent reformers – humanists had actual implementation in teaching practice in the form of school coomunity of John Dewey and Summerhill-school of Alexander Neill.

The author raises the problem of the construction of ecological civilization in China in terms of the definition of «ecological civilization» in the context of traditional Chinese culture in its relationship with the traditional and the modern understanding of harmony and harmonious society, and the development of regulation in the sphere of environmental protection. In the article the analysis of philosophical aspects of this problem is given. The author demonstrates the approach developed by the Chinese scholars to understanding of the ecological civilization as a new stage in the human society’s development coming after industrial society. In conclusion the author proposes to consider this approach a necessary civilizational choice that is to be made by the Chinese society.

The article presents the results of the analysis of approaches to the question of the relationship of psychological features of the scientist and his ratings of cognitive practices. A comparison of the approaches of researchers in psychology and sociology of science lead to conclusion that these variables are independent.