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The article considers the problem of spiritually-moral education in the concepts of the teachers-innovators at the turn of XX-XXI centuries. The author focuses on the process of teacher training based on professional ethics of the teacher, focuses on the moral demands of performing professional teaching tasks.

The article outlines the root cause of acute problems of Russian science and education – slowing down the pace of industry reconstruction destroyed by the USSR collapse and import substitution plans lagging, and, as a consequence, the outflow of Russian scientists and highly qualified personnel abroad. It is shown that the departure of our most creative part of society in the person of scientists and highly educated specialists for work and residence in industrially developed West countries is always a negative blow to the scientific, technical, economic, military potential of our country and the nation's genetic code deterioration.

Conceptual-content analysis of self-education, its functions and species in the context of research are presented in the article. The results of a sociological survey on revealing the parents' need for self-education are presented. To stimulate parents' self-education, solutions and actions of a socially-organizational nature are proposed, aimed at creating favorable conditions for its development and encouragement.

The article describes the organization structure of the school system in the UK. The types of general education schools, the key stages of education and education reform, which has an impact on the changes that occur in the education system are represented.

The author devoted this article to the problem of coherent monologic speech development of 5–6 years children in the process of composing descriptive stories through mnemotables. To study this level, two tasks based on the technique of identifying the features of coherent speech development in preschool children of N.G. Smolnikova and E.A. Smirnova were used.

The article presents various forms and methods of physics teaching to students of a technical university of oil profile, allowing to maintain an optimal level of knowledge acquisition by future bachelors in the conditions of a substantial reduction of the time allocated by modern curricula for studying this subject. Possibilities of using certain approaches for effective organization of the learning process are discussed, those possibilities are used at the Department of Physics and Chemistry of the Almetyevsk State Oil Institute. Attention is drawn to the relevance of intersubject communications usage, contributing to the successful acquisition of professional knowledge and skills, which are the basis for the future engineer. The essence and effectiveness of the grade-rating system application are revealed in the assessment of students' knowledge.

The article deals with the importance of teacher's personality influence on the student`s personality. The factors of importance of the teacher are presented. A number of approaches to the content of pedagogical activity are substantiated.

On the basis of analysis of federal state educational standards and studies on the design, optimality and efficiency of the learning process, a basic model of the educational process is proposed in the article, based on the block-modular approach and the mathematical graph theory. It is shown that during the process design and depending on the filling of modules and their meaning, this model can be transformed and useful not only in the development and analysis of work programs, but also reflect the development of the personality, including taking into account negative factors. The boundaries of the proposed model usage are determined. The question of introducing qualitative and quantitative grades of this model on the basis of graph theory for controlling bodies is considered. Advantages of the block-modular approach application to the creation of educational programs in conjunction with the application of the model of the proposed species are highlighted.

This article examines the problem of improving tools and technologies, assessing the quality of knowledge as one of the problems of education for graduates of higher educational institutions. With the help of intellectual means of training, assessment of the quality of development and current monitoring of progress, interim certification of students and the final state certification, all this determines the goal of guaranteeing the quality of training of graduates for professional activities in the future.

The article reveals such actual components of modern society as family, personality formation in the family, formation of the self-concept, life-purpose orientations of modern youth. One of the key moments in personality formation is movement, action. Formation involves personality development, both physically and spiritually from the very beginning of a person's life.

The article refers to the use of the electronic designer «Expert» for basic training activities development for students with intellectual disabilities. Integration of people with special needs into society can be considered as one of the most important tasks facing modern education. Its solution requires, among other things, the creation of special conditions in all spheres of life, the realization of assistance in overcoming the specific characteristics of personal development. it is necessary for opportunities ability disclosure that affects effective functioning of a person in society. Therefore, today one of the goals of modern education is «to provide all students with equal access to a quality general education, taking into account individual educational needs».

This article is devoted to the study of the possibilities of automation of the student’s admission process, since the activity of any higher educational institution directly depends on the number and quality of the recruited contingent. The author notes that submission process for the chosen profession is associated with a number of inconveniences.